Which of the following best defines a batch-controlled item?

A batch-controlled item refers to an item that is produced and tracked in groups or batches, which have specific characteristics that help in managing and tracing that inventory. When an item is batch-controlled, each batch can have distinct parameters such as expiration dates, manufacturing dates, or even specific production codes that identify that batch's lineage.

The option stating that a batch-controlled item has a specific manufacturing code aligns well with the definition since it emphasizes the traceability and unique identity of a group of products produced at the same time or under similar conditions. This is critical in various industries, especially where quality control and recall processes are critical, such as pharmaceuticals or food products.

The other choices do not accurately capture the essence of batch control. An item that requires no tracking would not be batch-controlled, as batch control inherently involves some level of tracking and monitoring. Items tracked by lots instead of singular units could fall under the umbrella of batch control, but it does not encompass the uniqueness of manufacturing details tied specifically to batch control. Similarly, tracking by purchase date does not inherently involve the specific features that define batch control, which are more related to item production and quality management.